Chapter 1: Introduction to Objected Oriented Programming and its basic concepts

Object Oriented Programming, or more widely known as OOP, has been around for a few years and have particularly picked up speed and pace in the recent years due to the emergence of new languages that support it, like Java and C#, as well as more support from more popular languages like C++. Also, as computer applications like games become more complicated, OOP has emerged as a good solution to replace the procedural code that was widely used before. It is because procedural code becomes more messy and disorganized when used in large applications and also OOP allows programmers to reuse code and also make slight modifications without tediously changing every aspect.

In this chapter, we shall be exploring the concept of OOP and examine how it reuses code and some of the fundamental terms and concepts in OOP. In this tutorial, we shall be using pseudo-code, which is actually computer code that does not really follow and a straight syntax and resembles more like English in order to explain the concept to programmers.

Firstly, to explore OOP, let us consider some things we encounter in life. For example, we take the human object. We are all humans and some of the common characteristics we share are like 2 eyes, 5 limbs, a name (whether defined or undefined), 2 lungs, 2 intestines and so on and so forth.